Voice acting in Japan acts as a narrator or as an actor in a radio play or as a character actor in anime and video games. It also involves broadcasting sounds for non-Japanese film and television programs. Because Japan's major animation industry produces 60% of the animated series in the world, voice acting in Japan has a much greater advantage than voice acting in most other countries.
Some voice actors - especially certain voice actresses - often have international fan clubs. Some fans may watch the show just to hear certain voice actors. Some Japanese voice actors have used their fame to become singers and many others have become direct film or television actors.
There are about 130 voice acting schools in Japan. Broadcasting companies and talent agencies often have their own vocal actors. Magazines focusing specifically on voice acting are published in Japan, with Voice Animage being the longest running.
The English term voice character (or CV ), has been commonly used since the 1980s by Japanese anime magazines such as Animec and Newtype to describe the voice actors associated with anime or game characters. In contrast, the Japanese term seiy? is commonly used among anime fans and English-language games for Japanese voice actors.
Video Voice acting in Japan
Aktor dan seiy?
Initially, dubbing and voice-overs are performance actors who only use their voice, called "voice actors" ( , koe no haiy? ) . For convenience, the term is shortened to a new compound consisting of the first and last kanji to make seiy? ( ?? ) .
It was only after the sound boom, however, that the word became widespread. The elderly voice actor hates being called seiy? because during their time, the term has different connotations (and minimizes). The famous Chikao Ohtsuka, dubbed Charles Bronson, is quoted in a special edition of Animage that says, "We are actors, even if the show only requires the use of our voice, we remain an actor, and therefore it is not appropriate to mention we as voice actors, right? ". He opposes a new trend of separating actors and voice actors, even in the face of emerging voice actors like Genz? Wakayama, who learned how to act on his voice and never set foot in the theater.
There are three main factors that distinguish between voice actors and actors.
- Their professional upbringing by the Tokyo Broadcasting Drama Group ( ?????? , T? ky ? H? S? Gekidan ), formed by NHK and other private networks during the golden days of radio drama.
- The lack of Japanese-made movies and dramas forced TV networks to broadcast foreign events, which increased the demand for voice actors.
- The explosion in the anime world market, which produces a wave of young talents who want to become voice actors, not actors.
Maps Voice acting in Japan
History
Voice acting has been in Japan since the advent of radio. Only in the 1970's was the term seiy? enters popular use because of the anime Space Battleship Yamato . According to newspaper interviews with sound managers voice, "Since the boom of Yamato, the word 'seiy?' has become instantly recognized, before that actors and actresses who introduce themselves as seiy? are often asked, 'You mean you work for supermarkets Seiyu?' "
Radio drama era
In 1925, the Tokyo Broadcasting Company (the predecessor of NHK, Japan's public broadcasting system) started radio broadcasts. That same year, twelve students specializing in sound performances alone became the first voice actors in Japan when radio drama performances were broadcast. They refer to themselves as "seiy?", But in those days the term "radio actor" (span lang = "ja"> ????? , yakusha radio ) is used by newspapers to refer to the profession.
In 1941, NHK opened a training program to the public to prepare actors to specialize in radio dramas. This is called "The Broadcast Channel Broadcast Agency of Tokyo" ( ??????????????? , T? ky? Ch ?? H? s? Kyoku Senzoku Gekidan Haiy? Y? sei Sho ) . Then in 1942, Tokyo Broadcasting Drama Group made its debut for its first appearance. This is the second time the term "seiy?" used to refer to voice actors.
There are several theories about how the term "seiy?" created. One theory is that Oyhashi Tokusaburo, a reporter for the Yomiuri newspaper, coined the term. Another theory is that Tatsu Ooka, an entertainment program manager who runs the NHK producer, brought it up.
At first, voice actors, such as those at Tokyo Radio Drama Troupe and similar companies specializing in radio dramas; with the advent of television, the term takes on additional meaning from someone who does dubbing for animation. Television broadcasts are set aside, when radio is the leading mass media, actors who play in radio dramas are not without their fans; for example, the actor in the Nagoya Radio Drama troupe who plays a major love interest role often receives many fan letters.
1960s
In 1961, in the early days of commercial television broadcasting, the Gosha Agreement caused the supply of Japanese films available to Japanese television stations to dry up. As a result, in the 1960s many foreign dramas and other foreign programs were imported and dubbed into Japanese for broadcast television.
Initially, NHK gave subtitles on most foreign performances; However, the event dubbed in Japanese soon became the standard. Amidst the first booming sounds are the actors like Nachi Nozawa, dubbed the same foreign actor, in Nozawa's case, Alain Delon, Robert Redford, and Giuliano Gemma. Due to problems with salary guarantees arising from the Gosha Agreement, cinema actors were prevented from dubbing foreign films for television. The television actors are also prevented from dubbing because of similar agreements. This has led to the studio turning to actors of radio age and actor of Shingeki's acting style . Around this time the dubbing of foreign animation was done by story tellers of Rakugo, Asakusa comedians, and the like, and voice actors called "talent dubbing" if they specialize in dubbing, while those who voted for characters were under the name " ateshi ". This is a golden age for dubbing that the Tokyo Consumer Cooperation Institute was founded. Later, the manager acts the sound of Haikyo leaving and opening up their own management agency. The voice actor in Japan also voiced the anime.
The first dubbing event aired in Japan was an episode of the Superman American cartoon, on October 9, 1955, at KRT (today TBS), and the first non-animated dubbing event broadcast was > G-Men Cowboy , again by the KRT, in 1956. Both are called life; the first show aired with pre-recorded dubbing was Children's Television Adventure ( ???????? , Terebi B? ya no B? ken ) on April 8, 1956.
1970s
During the late 1970s, Akira Kamiya, T? Ru Furuya, and Toshio Furukawa were the first to band together, Slapstick, and performed live. Many other voice actors released their own albums. Around 1979, the first anime magazine began to be published. The editor-in-chief of Animage, Hideo Ogata, is the first to publish an editorial on the transformation of an ongoing voice actor into an idol. Following its lead, other magazines created "corners" with information and gossip about voice actors; this is one of the main causes of young anime fans who want to become voice actors. This led to a sudden increase in the number of students in voice acting schools. For the first time, the anime sound actors are young people who grow dreamed of becoming it, as opposed to being a member of a drama group or a theater actor performing as a hobby. This explosion lasted until the first half of the 1980s.
1980s
In 1989, the voice actors of the five main stars of the animated television show Ronin Warriors (Nozomu Sasaki, Takeshi Kusao, Hiroshi Takemura, Tomohiro Nishimura and Daiki Nakamura) formed a male singing group called "NG5". This group is featured as the subject of a special documentary program on MBS.
During this period, voice production companies acted also started providing special courses at training schools in special places for training in animated dubbing.
1990s
The 1960s and 1970s boom centered on media, like TV. In the 1990s, the new explosion centered on more personal ways of communication, such as radio shows, Original Video Animation, television quiz, public events, and the Internet, paving the way for the publication of the first special voice-acting magazine, Seiy? Grand Prix and Voice Animage. Voice actors get a lot of new fans thanks to radio, and their CD sales numbers are on the rise. The concert began to take place in the larger hall. While the second boom also sees voice actors being DJs, this time the recording houses support the radio show's voice actors as sponsors, and a large amount of money starts to circulate. Megumi Hayashibara, Hekiru Shiina and Mariko K? Da is the first example of this new trend. Record companies and sound schools are beginning to look for new ways to raise young voice actors.
When voice acting is introduced in a television game, the same voice actors will appear in a series of events related to the world of television games, making appearances and participating in radio programs based on television games to attract fan base.
In the second half of the 1990s, explosions in the animated world led to an anime increase being shown in the Tokyo area. With the internet, gathering information about their favorite voice actors becomes easy for fans, and voice actors start appearing on internet-based radio shows.
From 1994 ( 1994 ) to 2000 ( 2000 ) , the world's first digital satellite broadcaster, St.GIGA , transmits episodic video games with voice overdubs acting on separate vocal tracks and continue to flow (a technique called SoundLink), to be played in Japan on the Super Famicom Nintendo video game console with its Satellaview device. BS Zelda no Densetsu was identified by Nintendo as the world's first integrated radio game.
Five common ways to become a voice actor
By looking at some of the current actor voice careers, the majority of them become famous for stepping on one of the following five paths:
From members of the broadcast drama group
Trained by the drama group broadcasters, they specialize in roles that require voice acting in addition to announcing, especially the radio drama acting.
Mantan anggota Kelompok Drama Broadcasting Tokyo termasuk Ry Ã… Kurosawa, Kazue Takahashi, Masato Yamanouchi, Hisashi Katsuta, Akira Nagoya, dan Kiyoshi Kawakubo.
An example of a voice actor coming from a privately funded drama group is T? Ru? Hira and Tadashi Nakamura from Tokyo Radio Broadcasting Drama Troupe ( ???????? , Rajio T? Ky? H? S? Gekidan ) , Junpei Takiguchi, Nobuo Tanaka, Mariko Mukai.
Local broadcasting stations also helped many voice actors in the early stages of their careers, before the television era and the emergence of foreign drama series concentrated most of the voice acting business in the Tokyo region. Some examples include the Genz? Wakayama from NHK's Sapporo Broadcasting Drama Troupe ( ?????? , Sapporo H? S? Gekidan ) , Kenji Utsumi from NHK's Ky? sh? Drama Troupe Broadcasting ( ?????? , Ky? Sh? H? S? Gekidan ) and J? ji Yanami from Drama Rama Drama Rama Maina Troupe ( ?????? , Mainichi H? s? Gekidan i>) .
From child actor
Some of the voice actors are high school kids who join the teenage theater company (Himawari Company, Komadori Group) and hone their acting skills with them, then work as full time actors after graduating from high school.
The first to follow this path including Ry? Sei Nakao, T? Ru Furuya, Sh? Ichi Ikeda, Yoku Shioya, Hiromi Tsuru, Miina Tominaga and Katsumi Toriumi (two first debuts while still in high school but continuing after graduation).
Aktor pengisi suara yang lebih baru termasuk Daisuke Namikawa, Maaya Sakamoto, Mayumi Iizuka, Akeno Watanabe, Saeko Chiba, Y? Ka Nanri, Kaori Nazuka.
There are some cases of young people who are starting to appear in the role of voice acting while still in high school. Miyu Irino, Eri Sendai, Ayaka Sait ?, Aya Hirano, Subaru Kimura and Miy? Tsuzurahara are some examples.
From a theater actor
Sometimes theater actors, whether they are in high school, special schools, universities or just graduated, are fostered by people in the anime industry to become voice actors. This happened to the actor affiliated with the large Shingeki theater company, which included Bungaku Company, Seinen Company, Pleiades Group, EN Theater Group and Theater Echo. Actors performing in small theaters can sometimes be seen by theater sound production staff or by managers who are affiliated with voice acting management agents. Also common for actors affiliated with theater companies who act like votes, such as Rose Company Nachi Nozawa or 21st Century Company Kaneta Kimotsuki, to become the voice actor himself. Some Voice actors like, Yoshimasa Hosoya was a member of the theater club during their school years before becoming a voice actor
Some actors like Mayo Suzukaze, Yoshiko Ota are from Takarazuka Revue, a highly respected Japanese female musical theater group.
To name a few, Romi Park, invented by animated creator Yoshiyuki Tomino, Fumiko Orikasa, graduated from the Super Eccentric Theater, and a talent found in the local theater college group by Kazuya Tatekabe:? Sanae Kobayashi G Aoba, Tetsu Shiratori, Akino Murata and Rieko Takahashi.
Noteworthy is the career of Hitomi Nabatame. Shortly after entering Dorikan Club, a group of voice actors in the making, part of the aniradio program Something Dream Multimedia Countdown ( SOMETHING DREAMS? ???????????? , abbreviated to ???? Doric ) on the Nippon Cultural Broadcasting radio station, he shows so much potential that he earning a role in Maburaho after graduating from a sound acting school he attended, while also performing as a theater actress.
From an acting school student
Many voice actors try to make their debut after attending a voice acting school for several years after graduating from high school, special school or university, or even just between school requirements, or studying trade by observation. This is the way most young people watch anime and aspire to voice over. This may be the easiest way in the beginning, but the breakthrough opportunities are very slim. For example, every school affiliated with the Yoyogi Animation Academy has a talent department acting with hundreds of new students each year, but only a small percentage of those who succeed in becoming voice actors after graduation. Many do not make it into different sound acting schools and try again. Many also take an acting role in non-anime production to try to perfect their abilities.
Orang - orang yang berhasil di masa lalu termasuk Megumi Hayashibara, Nobuyuki Hiyama, Megumi Ogata, Kaneto Shiozawa, K? Ichi Yamadera, Kikuko Inoue, Kotono Mitsuishi dan Toshiyuki Morikawa. Lebih contoh terbaru adalah Ai Shimizu, Rie Tanaka, Yukari Tamura, Mai Nakahara dan Kenichi Suzumura.
Some young talents become voice actors after winning national contests organized by magazines or production companies (although they usually still have to attend the voicing schools after winning the contest to learn the trade). Winners include Asami Sanada, Masumi Asano, Yui Horie, Miyuki Sawashiro and Sakura Nogawa.
From different roles in entertainment world
Junko Iwao and Noriko Hidaka are examples of idols who then take on the role of voice acting (the latter having some experience as a little actress). Former "gravure idols" (bikini models) that make breakthroughs as voice actresses including Marina? No, RyÃ… ka Yuzuki and Chiemi Chiba. Yumi Kakazu and Yuki Matsuoka are the two former reporters who became voice actors. Retired owarai comedians sometimes make comebacks as voice actors, like Y? Ko Sait? Y? Ichi Nagashima is an actor in the role of "Ch?", The main character in NHK Educational TV's Exploring My Town ???????? , Tanken Boku no Machi ) . Masakazu Morita and Mayuko Aoki, both debuting as the main characters of Final Fantasy X, are actors of motion for video games that become voice actors. Mamoru Miyano is one of the cast in the musical drama The Prince of Tennis who chose to branched and became a voice actor. Tokusatsu actors/actresses also take the role of voice acting before or after their career in Tokusatsu. Examples are Machiko Soga, Naoya Uchida, Tsutomu Isobe, JÃ… ji Nakata, Rikiya Koyama, Reiko Chiba, Hiroshi Tsuchida, YÅ« ji Kishi, Masaya Matsukaze, Takeru Shibaki, Mika Kikuchi, Yuka Hirata and Mao Ichimichi. In Tokusatsu events such as Kamen Rider and Super Sentai series after the actor finished filming episodes, movies etc. They often go to the sound acting studio to dub their lines
Task
Regardless of other performances related to the characters they play, such as press conferences, anime news programs or interviews, voice actors are also hired for internal corporate training videos, supermarket announcements, bus route information broadcasts, broadcasters for professional wrestling and other battles. discipline, and even the announcement of railway station routes - a task usually performed by professional broadcasters, although the work or the names of voice actors are not always published.
Voice-over and dubbing
This is the essence of the work of voice actors: speaking the role and recording it.
Anime
The role of the voice actor in the anime consists of reading the line before production is finished. In Japan, the line is usually done before the anime is finished. The artist then draws in every key expression of the voice actor who reads it. This is the most common way of prerecording in Japan. Young voice actor is used in anime and OVA. However, in production and product-oriented fans, they use voice actors because voice actors are often used as a selling point.
Dubbing to Japanese
In the case of foreign dramas, movies, cartoons, news and documentaries, the sound of localization takes a more precise time in relation to what appears on the screen. To perform voice-overs, the volume of the original language sound tracks is lowered, leaving only a little bit of the remaining sound or, in some cases, no sound at all except for music-and-track effects. The voice work is primarily done for original foreign news and drama. Auditions are held to determine who will take the role.
Video game
Unlike in anime or dubbing roles, in video games, sound tracks are often recorded separately because the way individual sound tracks are selected and played depends on the progress of the player. Usually a voice actor uses a script with only one part of the line and matches it to the recording time. Therefore, many voice actors collaborating in a production may never see each other in private. Ranking popularity can play a role in video game casting, but it is also possible to negotiate a fee when a client requests a particular player.
Drama radio or drama CD
With drama radio or CD dramas there is more freedom given in voicing because it does not need to match the ranks with the original actors, or to match the animated characters. Because of this particular interpretation of voice actors of action or ability of action is considered. If the drama is based on anime or manga, then the voice actor of the anime is used. However, original dramas or works based on literature rarely use a typical voice actor or a younger voice actor. Auditions are rarely used, and players are directly selected by the production staff.
Puppet show and kigurumi
In the puppet show, the voice actor must set the time of handover of the voice in relation to the puppet movements. While time is of the essence in kigurumi shows also, in this case the voice acting of the voice actor is recorded before, and it is left to the entertainer kigurumi to move and act. based on the spoken line.
Narration
Voice actors are also often used as narrators in radio and television advertisements, radio and television programs, video press releases, and other types of media that require voice actors to read texts explaining what the program is from the script. Although the role of narrative is within the field of voice actor skills, it is not uncommon for ordinary actors, young talents or broadcasters to be chosen instead. The cost is proportional to the popularity of the people employed, and veterans are usually preferred for this role because of their high acting skills. Candidates are required to send a short sample record as a demonstration, and this sample plays mostly in the selection process.
Theater acts
Not infrequently actors and actors Shingeki perform in small theaters to take voice acting courses in special schools and become voice actors, given the small differences between actors and voice actors. Those who succeed in becoming voice actors sometimes take on their own chosen stage acting roles, and the voice actors' agencies do not take part unless theater management requires them.
Sing
Some voice actors join in music, release albums, hold their concerts under their own names and become full-time singers.
However, it has become common for voice actors to sing the opening or closing of the event themes in which their star characters, or participate in non-animated side projects such as audio dramas (involving the same characters in a new storyline) or an image track (songs sung in characters that are not included in the anime but rather developing characters), releasing CDs in character names rather than their own characters. Sometimes the style of singing anime characters is very different from the voice actors, and songs that are sung using character styles are often included in CDs that are released voice actors on their own behalf. This makes it the ultimate activity for many voice actors, especially those who do voice-overs for anime characters.
The limitations imposed on singer voice actors by their record companies are also less stringent than those imposed on regular singers. This allows voice actors to release CDs in their character names with different companies.
Radio personality
Radio talk shows are also called aniradio . Initially mostly broadcast by local broadcast stations only, but after the explosion of communications of the 1990s metropolitan radio stations began to also hire them. Some such programs are aired for over ten years. This is the result of fans who consider radio talk as a way to get to know voice actors as human rather than just sound for the characters they play.
Due to the lower cost and increased number of listeners, more and more of these radio talks are hosted on the Internet.
Agency and management
The relationship between voice actors and music, film and anime companies in Japan is governed by sound acting management agents, each with a specialization. In return for the costs of voice actors, they take care of business affairs and sales promotions. These institutions can also act as a bridge between entertainment companies and private agencies that can be affiliated with voice actors. Sometimes producers leave it to agencies to recruit voice actors for small roles, or handle their schedules.
Voice-acting actors for child roles are sometimes chosen from well-known teen theater companies, such as Troupe Himawari. In many cases, the adult female voice actor plays the role of the child.
See also
- Seiyu Awards
- Voice Foley
- Voice acting
- Japanese sound actor management company
References
External links
- Seiy? (Actors voice) database
- Magical voice actor and magical voice actress Sound actor database (in Japanese)
- Anime News Network Encyclopedia Anime staff database and cast members.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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