web pages (also written as web pages ) are documents that are suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers. A web browser displays web pages on a monitor or mobile device.
Web pages usually mean what is visible, but this term can also refer to a computer file, usually written in HTML or a comparable markup language. Web browsers coordinate various web resource elements for written web pages, such as style sheets, scripts, and drawings, to present web pages. Typical web pages provide hypertext that includes a navigation bar or a sidebar menu that links to other web pages through hyperlinks, commonly referred to as links .
On a network, a web browser can retrieve web pages from a remote web server. Web servers may limit access to private networks such as corporate intranets. Web browsers use Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) to make such requests.
Static web pages static are delivered exactly as they are stored, such as web content in the web server file system. In contrast, dynamic web pages are generated by web applications, typically driven by server-side software. Dynamic web pages help the browser (client) to improve web pages through user input to the server.
Video Web page
Color, typography, illustration, and interaction
Web pages typically include information such as text color and background and very often contain links to images and sometimes other types of media to include in the final look. Layout information, typography, and color schemes are provided by the Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) instruction, which can be embedded in HTML or can be provided by a separate file, referenced from within HTML.
The last case is particularly relevant where one long stylesheet is relevant to the entire website: because of how HTTP works, the browser will only download it once from the web server and use a cached copy for the entire site.
Images are stored on a web server as separate files, but again HTTP allows the fact that once a web page is downloaded to the browser, it is likely that related files such as images and stylesheets will be prompted during processing. The HTTP 1.1 web server will maintain a connection with the browser until all related resources have been requested and made available. Web browsers usually render images along with text and other material on the displayed web page.
Dynamic behavior
A client-side client code such as JavaScript or code that applies Ajax techniques can be assigned either embedded in the HTML of a webpage or, like a CSS stylesheet, as separate, linked downloads specified in HTML. This script can run on client computers if the user allows.
Maps Web page
Browser
Web browsers can have graphical user interfaces, such as Internet Explorer/Microsoft Edge, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari, and Opera, or can be text, such as Lynx or Links.
Disabled web users often use assistive technology and adaptive strategies to access web pages. Users may be color-blind, may or may not want to use the mouse probably because of repetitive stress injuries or motor neuron problems, may be deaf and need audio to be told, may be blind and use a screen reader or braille screen, may need screen enlargement, etc.
Disabled and able-bodied users can disable downloading and viewing of images and other media, to save time, network bandwidth, or simply to simplify their browsing experience. Mobile device users often restrict the look and bandwidth. Anyone can choose not to use the font, font size, style and color schemes chosen by the web page designer and can apply their own CSS style to the page. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) recommend that web pages be designed with all these options in mind.
Element
A web page , as a collection of information, can contain many types of information, which can be seen, heard, or interacted with an end user:
- Perceived (provided) information:
- Textual information : with various rendering variations.
- Non-textual information :
- Static images can be raster graphics, usually GIF, JPEG or PNG; or vector formats like SVG or Flash.
- Animated images are usually Animated GIF and SVG, but also Flash, Shockwave, or Java applets.
- Audio, usually MP3, Ogg, or various proprietary formats.
- Videos, WMV (Windows), RM (RealMedia), FLV (Flash Video), MPG, MOV (QuickTime)
- Interactive information : see interactive media.
- For interactions "on page":
- Interactive text : see DHTML.
- Interactive illustration : from "click to play" image to game, usually using orchestration script , Flash, Java applet, SVG or Shockwave.
- Button : the form provides an alternate interface, usually for use with orchestration scripts and DHTML.
- For "inter-page" interactions:
- Hyperlink : standard "change page" reactivity.
- Form : provides more interaction with server and server-side databases.
- For interactions "on page":
Information - Internal (hidden):
- Comments
- Linked Files via Hyperlink (Like DOC, XLS, PDF, etc.)
- Metadata with semantic meta information, Charset information, Document Type Definition (DTD), etc.
- Diagram and style information : information about displayed items (such as image size attributes) and visual specifications, as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
- Scripts , usually JavaScript, complements interactivity, and functionality.
- Note: on the server side of the web page may also have "Processing Product Instruction Information".
Web pages can contain dynamically adapted information elements, depending on the rendering of the browser or the location of the end user (through the use of IP address tracking and/or "cookie" information).
From a more general/wide viewpoint, some elements of information (grouped), such as navigation bars, uniforms for all website pages, such as standards. Such "website standard information" is provided by technologies such as web template systems.
Rendering
Web pages often require more screen space than are available for certain display resolutions.
Most modern browsers will place a scrollbar (a scrolling tool that allows users to move pages up or down, or side-by-side) in a window to allow users to view all content.
Scrolling horizontally is less common than vertical scrolling, not just because the page is often not printed correctly, but because the user's inconvenience is more than a vertical scroll (because of horizontal lines, scrolling back and forth for each line is more uncomfortable than scrolling after reading the whole screen , most computer keyboards have buttons up and down, and almost all computer mice have a vertical scroll wheel, the horizontal scrolling equivalent is rare). When web pages are stored in a common directory of web servers, they become websites.
The webpage does not have a fixed length as on a paper page, and the length may vary.
The width of the web page varies depending on the screen size so that it leads to web pages of different lengths. For long web pages, the flow of information and presentations is quite important.
If the web page is longer and the above information is undesirable to the user, the likelihood of lower reading is lower. However, longer and shorter web pages have their own pros and cons.
The initial display area of ​​the web page is known as the "folding page above".
Content above folding pages is important because users use it to evaluate if they come to the right page. It's important to have content above the page folds that keep users interested so they scroll down. The information retrieval theory explains that once a user has assumed a section above a valuable page fold they are more likely to assume the rest of the page is valuable.
When printing web pages, the ease of printing depends on the length of the page, compared to the shorter web pages with pagination. In longer web pages that have unlimited scrolling (for example, Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter), it's harder to print all pages because the total number of upcoming pages is unknown. Therefore, users can only print pages that are loaded on web pages that use infinite scrolling.
Another problem that occurs with printing long web pages is the use of ads known as clickbait on websites. Therefore, the printed version of the web page with the click feed will contain the ad. However, some browsers like Google Chrome use extensions where users get a chance to format web pages and print without ads.
Websites usually contain a set of shared webpages, or have some other coherent navigation methods. The most important web page on the website is the index page. Depending on the settings of the web server, the index page can have any name, but the most common names are index.html and index.php.
When a browser visits a website website or any URL that leads to the directory instead of a specific file, the web server will display the index page. If no index page is specified in the configuration or no files exist on the server, errors or directory lists will be presented to the browser. Web pages can be single HTML files or composed of several HTML files using frames or Server Side Includes (SSIs).
Frames have been known to cause problems with web accessibility, copyright, navigation, printing and search engine rankings, and are now less used than in the 1990s. Both frames and SSI allow certain content that appears on multiple pages, such as page navigation or page headers, to be repeated without duplicating HTML in all files.
Frames and W3C recommend alternatives from 2000, & lt; object & gt; tags, also allows some content to remain in one place while other content can be scrolled using conventional scrollbars. Modern client-side CSS and JavaScript techniques can also achieve all of these goals.
When creating a web page, it is important to make sure it complies with World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standards for HTML, CSS, XML and other standards. W3C standards are available to ensure all browsers that comply with their standards can display identical content without special consideration for exclusive rendering techniques. Correctly encoded webpages will be accessible to many different browsers both old and new, screen resolutions, as well as users with audio or visual interference.
Uniform Resource Locator is also referred to as URL . Web pages usually become more dynamic. Dynamic web pages are pages created from the server side when requested and then presented to the end user. These types of web pages do not usually have a permalink, or static URL, associated with it. This practice is intended to reduce the number of static pages in lieu of storing relevant web page information in the database. These can be viewed on forums, online shopping sites, and on Wikipedia. Some search engines may have a hard time indexing dynamic web pages, so static web pages can be provided in those instances.
Create and view
To create a web page, a special text editor or HTML editor is required. To upload a web page created to a web server, an FTP client is usually required.
Web page design is very personal. The design can be made according to your own preferences, or pre-built web templates can be used. Web templates allow web page designers to edit web page content without having to worry about overall aesthetics. Many use the all-in-one service for purchasing web domains, web hosting services, and templates to create customized websites. Web publishing tools like Tripod and WordPress offer free page creation and hosting up to a certain size limit. Another way to create web pages is to download special software, such as Wiki, CMS, or forums. These options enable the creation of fast and easy web pages that are usually dynamic.
To display web pages graphically, a web browser is required. This is a type of software that can retrieve web pages from the Internet. Most web browsers today include the ability to view source code. Viewing web pages in a text editor will also display the source code.
Pages are usually found with help from search engines, but they can receive traffic from other social sources.
Saving
When someone views a web page, the copy is stored locally; the copy is seen.
Depending on the browser settings, the copy may be deleted at any time, or stored indefinitely, sometimes unnoticed by the user.
Most GUI browsers provide the option to save web pages more permanently. This may include
save displayed text without formatting or image, with hyperlink reduced to plain text;
- save the HTML as presented: the overall structure is preserved, but some links may be broken;
- save the HTML with the relative link changed to the absolute so that the hyperlink is retained;
- save all web pages: all images and other resources including stylesheets and scripts downloaded and stored in a new folder next to HTML, with links referring to local copies: Other relative links are changed to absolute;
- save HTML and all other images and resources into one MHTML file. It's supported by Internet Explorer and Opera. Other browsers can support it if the appropriate plugin is installed.
In addition to the option to print the currently viewed web page to the printer, most operating systems allow applications such as web browsers to "print to files" that can be viewed or printed later. Some web pages are designed, for example by using CSS, so hyperlinks, menus and other navigation items, which will not be useful on paper, are printed with this in mind. Occasionally, hyperlink destination addresses may be displayed explicitly, either within the body of a page or listed at the end of a printed version. It can be specified in the CSS that non-functional menus, navigation blocks and other items should not exist from the printed version.
See also
References
Further reading
- Castro, Elizabeth (2005). "Creating Web Pages with HTML: Quick visual project guide," San Francisco, CA, USA: Peachpit Press, ISBN: 032127847X, view [1], accessed September 19, 2015.
- Souders, Steve (2007). "High Performance Website: Important Knowledge for Front End Technicians," Sebastopol, CA, USA: O'Reilly Media, ISBN 0596550693, view [2], accessed September 19, 2015.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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