Fast food are mass-produced foods that are usually prepared and served faster than traditional foods. Food is usually less nutritious compared to food and other dishes. Although food with low preparation time can be considered fast food, it usually refers to food sold in restaurants or stores with frozen, preheated or cooked ingredients, and served to customers in packets to take home/take home..
Fast-food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food through drive-throughs. Outlets may be standing or kiosks, which may not provide shelter or seating, or fast-food restaurants (also known as fast-food restaurants). The franchise operations that are part of the restaurant chain have standard groceries delivered to every restaurant from a central location.
Fast food started with the first fish and chips shop in England in the 1860s. The first drive-through restaurant was popularized in the 1950s in the United States. The term "fast food" was recognized in dictionary by Merriam-Webster in 1951.
Eating fast food has been linked to, among other things, colorectal cancer, obesity, high cholesterol, and depression. Many fast foods tend to be high in saturated fats, sugar, salt and calories.
Traditional family dinners are increasingly being replaced by fast food consumption. As a result, the time invested in food preparation is lower, with an average US spouse spending 47 minutes and 19 seconds per day for food preparation by 2013.
Video Fast food
History
The concept of fast food for sale is closely related to urban development. Houses in developing cities often lack adequate space or decent food preparation. In addition, fuel procurement can cost as much as purchased. Frying food in barrels proved just as dangerous as expensive, and homeowners feared that a naughty cooking fire "might easily ruin the whole neighborhood". Thus, urbanists are encouraged to buy pre-prepared meat or starch, such as bread or noodles, whenever possible. In Ancient Rome, cities had street booths - a large counter with a container in the middle from which food or drink would be served. During the post-World War II American economic boom, Americans began to spend more and buy more when the economy surged and the culture of consumerism bloomed. As a result of a new desire to have it all, coupled with the steps that women make while the men leave, the two family members start working outside the home. Eating out, previously considered luxury, is a common occurrence, and then a necessity. Workers, and families working, need quick service and cheap meals for lunch and dinner. These needs are driving the phenomenal success of the early fast food giants, which serve families on the go (Franklin A. Jacobs). Fast food is an easy choice for busy families, as is the case for many families today.
Older world pre-industry
In ancient Roman cities, many urban residents living in insulae, high-rise apartment blocks, depended on the food vendors for their many meals; The Forum itself serves as a market where the Romans can buy baked goods and preserved meat. In the morning, bread soaked in wine is eaten as a quick snack and cooks vegetables and stews then in popina , a simple eating place. In Asia, the 12th century China put on fried dough, soup, and sandwiches, all of which still exist as contemporary snacks. Their children in Baghdadi supplement home-made food with processed legumes, buy starch, and even ready-to-eat meats. During the Middle Ages, big cities and large urban areas such as London and Paris supported many vendors selling food such as pies, pasties, flans, waffles, wafers, pancakes, and cooked meats. As in ancient Roman cities, many of these companies serve those who do not have the means to cook their own food, especially single households. Unlike the richer city dwellers, many are often unable to afford a home with kitchen facilities and thus rely on fast food. Travelers, too, like pilgrims on their way to the shrine, are among the customers.
United Kingdom
In areas with access to the beach or tide, 'fast food' often includes local shellfish or seafood, such as oysters or, like in London, eels. Often this seafood is cooked directly on the dock or near. The development of trawler nets in the mid-nineteenth century led to the development of British favorites, fish and chips, and the first store in 1860.
A blue plaque at Oldham's Tommyfield Market marks the origins of a fish and chip shop and a fast-food industry. As cheap fast food served in packets, fish and chips into stock food among the Victorian working class. In 1910, there were over 25,000 fish and chip stores in England, and by 1920 there were over 35,000 stores. The chain of fast food restaurants Harry Ramsden opened his first fish and chips shop in Guiseley, West Yorkshire in 1928. On one day in 1952, the store served 10,000 servings of fish and chips, earned a place in the Guinness Book of Records
British fast food has considerable regional variations. Sometimes the regionalities of the dishes become part of the culture of their respective regions, such as the Cornish pale and fried Mars bar. The contents of fast food pies vary, with poultry (like chicken) or commonly used wild poultry. Since World War II, turkeys have been used more frequently in fast food. The UK has adopted fast food from other cultures as well, such as pizza, doner kebabs, and curries. Recently, a healthier alternative to conventional fast food has also emerged.
United States
When cars became popular and more affordable after World War I, a drive-in restaurant was introduced. The American company White Castle, founded by Billy Ingram and Walter Anderson in Wichita, Kansas in 1921, is generally credited with opening second fast food outlets and the first hamburger chain, selling hamburgers for five cents apiece. Walter Anderson had built the first White Castle restaurant in Wichita in 1916, introducing a limited menu, a high-volume, low-cost, high-speed hamburger restaurant. Among the various innovations, the company allows customers to view the prepared food. White Castle succeeded from the beginning and gave birth to many competitors.
Franchising was introduced in 1921 by A & amp; W Root Beer, which is a distinctive syrup franchise. Howard Johnson's first restaurant franchise concept in the mid-1930s, officially the standardization menu, signage and advertising.
The sidewalk service was introduced in the late 1920s and was mobilized in the 1940s when the carhops were tied to roller skates.
The United States has the largest fast food industry in the world, and American fast food restaurants are located in more than 100 countries. Approximately 4.7 million US workers work in the field of food preparation and food services, including fast food in the US. Concerns about the epidemic of obesity and related illness have inspired many local government officials in the United States to propose limiting or setting up fast food restaurants. However, US adults do not want to change their consumption of fast food even in the face of rising costs and unemployment marked by a major recession, indicating an inelastic demand. However, some areas are more affected than others. In Los Angeles County, for example, about 45% of restaurants in South Central Los Angeles are fast food restaurants or restaurants with minimal seating. In comparison, only 16% of those in Westside are such restaurants.
Working conditions
The National Employment Law Project writes in 2013, "according to a study by researchers at the University of California-Berkeley, more than half (52 percent) of front-line fast-food workers must rely on at least one public assistance program to support the Consequences, fast-food-industry business models with low wages, no benefits, and limited working hours cost the average taxpayer nearly $ 7 billion annually. " They claim that this funding allows these workers to "pay for health care, food and other basic needs"
Maps Fast food
On the go
A fast food outlet is a take-away provider or take-out service that promises quick service. Such fast food outlets often come with a "drive-through" service that allows customers to order and pick up food from their vehicles. Others have indoor or outdoor seating areas where customers can eat on site. Recently, an explosion in IT services has allowed customers to order food from their home through their smart phone app.
Almost from the beginning, fast food has been designed to be eaten "on the go," often does not require traditional cutlery, and is eaten as a finger food. Common menu at fast food outlets include fish and chips, sandwiches, pitas, hamburgers, fried chicken, fries, onion rings, chicken nuggets, tacos, pizza, hot dogs and ice cream, though many fast food restaurants offer "more slow "foods like chili, mashed potatoes, and salads.
Charging station
The shops are located in many petrol stations/gas stations selling packaged sandwiches, donuts, and hot food. Many gas stations in the United States and Europe also sell frozen food, and have a microwave oven in place to prepare it. The Petrol Station in Australia sells food such as hot pies, sandwiches and chocolate bars, which are easy for customers to access on their way. SPBU is a place that is often open for hours and open before and after trading hours of the store making it easier access for consumers.
Vendors and concessions
Traditional street food is available worldwide, usually through small and independent traders operating from carts, tables, portable grills or motor vehicles. Common examples include Vietnamese noodle vendors, Middle East falafel booths, New York City hot dog carts, and taco trucks. Turo-Turo Vendor (Tagalog for point point) is a feature of Filipino life. Generally, street vendors provide a variety of options designed to attract the attention of passersby and attract as much attention as possible.
Depending on the locality, many street vendors can specialize on the specific types of food characteristics of a particular cultural or ethnic tradition. In some cultures, it is usually for street vendors to name prices, sing or chant sales, play music, or engage in other forms of "road theatrics" to engage potential customers. In some cases, this can garner more attention than food.
Cuisine
Modern commercial fast-food is often processed and prepared in an industrial fashion, ie, on a large scale with raw materials and standard cooking and production methods. Usually quickly served in cartons or bags or in plastic wrap, in a way that minimizes costs. In most fast-food operations, menu items are generally prepared from processed ingredients prepared at a central supply facility and then delivered to each outlet where they are heated, cooked (usually by microwave or frying) or assembled in a short period of time. This process ensures consistent product quality levels, and is key to being able to deliver orders quickly to customers and eliminating labor and equipment costs in every store.
Due to the commercial emphasis on speed, uniformity and low cost, fast food products are often made with ingredients that are formulated to achieve a certain flavor or consistency and to maintain freshness.
Variant
Chinese takeaways/takeout restaurants are very popular in Western countries like the US and UK. They usually offer a variety of Asian (not always Chinese) foods, which are usually fried. Most choices are some form of noodles, rice, or meat. In some cases, food is served as sbord smÃÆ'¶rgÃÆ'  ¥, sometimes self service. Customers choose the size of the container they want to buy, and then freely fill it with their food choices. It is common to combine several options in one container, and some outlets fill by weight rather than by item. In big cities, these restaurants can offer free shipping for purchases of more than the minimum amount.
Sushi has seen a rapidly increasing popularity recently in the Western world. A form of fast food made in Japan (where bengkok is a variety of Japanese fast food), sushi is usually cold sticky rice flavored with sweet rice vinegar and served with some toppings (often fish), or, like most popular types in West, rolled in nori (dry laver) with stuffing. Filling often includes fish, seafood, chicken or cucumber.
Pizza is a common fast food category in the United States, with national chains including Papa John's, Domino's Pizza, Sbarro, and Pizza Hut. It's just trailing the burger industry in supplying fast-food kids calories. The menu is more limited and standardized compared to traditional pizza, and pizza delivery is offered.
Kebab House is a form of fast food restaurant from the Middle East, especially Turkey and Lebanon. The meat was shaved off the rotisserie, and served on a warm flatbread with salad and a selection of sauces and sauces. This kebab or shawarma doner is different from the shish kebab served on the stick. Kebab shops are also found throughout the world, especially Europe, New Zealand and Australia but are generally less common in the US.
Fish and chips shops are a popular form of fast food in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. The fish is fried and then fried, and served with chunks of fries.
The Dutch have their own fast food type. Dutch fast food often consists of a piece of french fries (called friet or patat) with sauce and meat products. The most common sauce to accompany the fries is the fritessaus. This is a substitute for sweet, vinegary and low-fat mayonnaise, that the Dutch still call "mayonnaise". When ordering it is often abbreviated meet (literally "with"). Other popular sauce is tomato sauce or seasoning sauce ("curry"), Indonesian peanut sauce ("satÃÆ'Â © sauce" or "pindasaus") or piccalilli. Sometimes the fries are served with a combination of sauce, the most famous speciaal (special): mayonnaise, with sauce (flavored) and chopped onions; and oorlog (literally "war"): mayonnaise and peanut sauce (sometimes also with tomato sauce and onions). The meat product is usually a fried snack; these include frikandel (fried sausage without fried fried dumplings), and croquettes (ragout fried bread breaded).
In Portugal, there are several types of local fast food and specialty restaurants in this type of local cuisine. Some of the most popular foods include frango assado (piri-piri grilled chicken previously soaked), francesinha, francesinha poveira, espetada (turkey or pork on two sticks) and bifanas (slices of pork in a special sauce served as a sandwich). This type of food is also often served with fries (called limelity limits ), some international chains begin to appear special in some typical Portuguese fast foods like Nando.
Examples of local fast-food forms in Poland are pasztecik szczeci? Skiing , fried yeast dough filled with meat or vegetarian dishes, fast food typical of the famous city of Szczecin in many other cities in the country. Dishes are in Poland List of Traditional Products . The first bar serving pasztecik szczeci? Ski , the "Pasztecik" Bar, founded in 1969, is located on Wojska Polskiego Avenue 46 in Szczecin.
The equipment of East Asian cities is a noodle shop. Flatbread and falafel are now everywhere in the Middle East. Popular Indian fast foods include vada pav, panipuri and forehead vada. In the French-speaking countries of West Africa, standing by the wayside and around the big cities continue to sell - as they have done for generations - ready-made variety, locally known roasted cuts as brochettes (not to be confused with a bread snack of the same name found in Europe).
Business
In the United States, consumers spend $ 160 billion on fast food by 2012 (up from $ 6 billion in 1970). Overall, the US restaurant industry has projected sales of $ 660.5 billion by 2013. Fast food has lost market share for fast-food restaurants, which offer more powerful and expensive cuisine. Because of this competition, the fast food giants have seen a dramatic decline in their sales. While overall fast-food sales are declining, the number of Americans who eat at this restaurant "once a month or" several times a year "has increased.
In contrast to other parts of the world, Americans spend less on their income for food - largely due to government subsidies that make fast food cheap and accessible. Calories for calories, food sold at fast food restaurants, less cost and more energy, and mostly made from government-subsidized products: corn, soybeans, and beef.
The Australian fast food market is valued at more than 2.7 billion GPB and consists of 1.4 billion fast food. This includes meals served at 17,000 fast food outlets. The fast food market has experienced an average annual growth rate of 6.5 percent, which is the fastest growing food retail sector.
Ads
In 2012, fast-food restaurants spend about $ 4.6 billion USD on advertising campaigns, representing an 8% increase over 2009. In the same time period, McDonald's spends nearly 3 times as much on advertising as all water, milk, and resulting in advertisers being spent. combined.
A study conducted by researchers from the School of Geisel Medicine at Dartmouth College saw results showing that when children watch more commercial television (and see more ads about fast food), they are more likely to request to visit the following fast food restaurant this. In particular, fast food restaurants have stepped up their advertising efforts that target Black and Hispanic youth. Ads in Spanish-language channels are increasing by 8% in 2012, with KFC and Burger King increasing spending in this demographic by 35% while reducing their regular ads in English-language channels.
The Council of Better Business Bureaus started the Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative in 2006 calling for fast food companies to promise "to advertise only healthier products to children" with the signing of McDonald's and Burger King. However, despite the slight increase in health food advertisements, the effectiveness of this initiative has been debated by studies that reveal that "children can not remember or identify healthy foods in advertising, and that 81 percent of children aged 99 3 to 7 year in the study was reminiscent of french fries "even though there were no fries in the ad.
Jobs
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, approximately 4.1 million US workers were employed in the preparation and presentation of food (including fast food) in 2010. Prospects for BLS projections expect average growth and good opportunities as a result of high turnover. However, in April 2011, McDonald's hired about 62,000 new workers and received one million applications for the position - a 6.2% revenue rate. The average age of workers in the industry in 2013 is 28. Obtaining a diploma or diploma in Human Resource Management in Fast Food Management can help to get a job in major fast food restaurants as it is one of the most desirable. The employment rate for Australians working in the fast-food industry is growing with 17% of people working in the fast food sector in Australia.
Globalization
In 2006, the global fast food market grew by 4.8% and reached Ã, Â £ 102.4 billion and volume of 80.3 billion transactions. McDonald's has stores in 126 countries on 6 continents and operates over 31,000 restaurants worldwide.
One example of McDonald's expansion on a global scale is its introduction into the Russian market. In order for American business to succeed, it must be accepted and integrated into the everyday life of indigenous people in Moscow. Thus, the restaurant is strategically implemented so that its offerings will align with different and well-established food streets, also known as customs around food, eating and cooking, the people of Moscow. One important feature of Russian food culture is the emphasis on knowing about the locality of the goods consumed. Basically, in order to successfully launch this American brand in a foreign country, McDonald's interprets the interests of local consumers in Moscow by promoting the origin of products used in restaurants. On January 31, 1990, McDonald's opened a restaurant in Moscow and broke the opening record for customers served. The Moscow restaurant is the busiest in the world.
The world's largest McDonald's, with 25,000 foot tube playing, an arcade and play center, is located in Orlando, Florida, United States.
There are many other fast food restaurants located around the world. Burger King has over 11,100 restaurants in over 65 countries. KFC is located in 25 countries. Subway is one of the fastest growing franchises in the world with about 39,129 restaurants in 90 countries in May 2009, opening the first non-US site in December 1984 in Bahrain. Wienerwald has spread from Germany to Asia and Africa. Pizza Hut is located in 97 countries, with 100 locations in China. Taco Bell has 278 restaurants located in 14 countries other than the United States.
Criticism
Fast food chains have come under fire from concerns ranging from negatively claimed health effects, animal cruelty allegations, labor exploitation cases, and claims of cultural degradation through the shifting diets of people from traditional foods.
Fast food intake is increasing worldwide. A study conducted in the city of Jeddah has shown that fast food habits are currently associated with an increase in overweight and obesity among teenagers in Saudi Arabia. In 2014, the World Health Organization published a study claiming that the deregulated food market was largely to blame for the obesity crisis, and suggested more stringent regulations to reverse the trend. In America, local governments restrict the fast-food chain by limiting the number of restaurants found in a given geographic area.
To combat criticism, fast-food restaurants are beginning to offer more health-friendly menu items. In addition to health criticism, there are suggestions for the fast food industry to be more environmentally friendly. The chain has responded by "reducing packaging waste".
Despite so much popularity, fast food and fast food chains have a devastating impact not only on jobs and social skills, but also on the students' health and academic performance. Fifty-six percent of students eat fast food every week. Fast Food Nation researcher Eric Schlosser highlights this fact, arguing that it is not only a financial but psychological feed. Students are hooked on this initial job opportunity, knowing little that the time spent on this skillless job is wasted. Two other researchers, Charles Hirschman and Irina Voloshin highlighted the harmful effects and their consequences regarding hiring and firing schoolgirls in the fast food industry. Kelly Brownwell of The Atlantic Times has further supported this argument that other dangerous practices were adopted by Burger King and McDonald's to be marketed to innocent children.
In a research study conducted by Professor Purtell Kelly and Gershoff, they found that fifth graders, who ate fast food compared with students at the same age after several other social factors were controlled. Also, the percentage of students who consume fast food and show poor value is about 11% more than those who use organic food. They hold that other social factors such as watching television, video games and play are controlled to assess the real impact of fast food.
There are many books and movies designed to highlight the potential dangers of fast food as mentioned strongly related to obesity. The film Supersize Me (2004) shows the negative health effects of excessive consumption of fast food.
See also
References
Further reading
- Adams, Catherine (2007). "Reframing the Obesity Debate: The Role of McDonald's May Surprise You". Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics . 35 : 154-157. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2007.00120.x.
- Arndt, Michael. "McDonald's 24/7." Business Week February 4, 2007
- Food and Eating in Medieval Europe. Martha Carlin and Joel T. Rosenthal (editor). The Hambledon Press, London. 1998. ISBNÃ, 1-85285-148-1
- Hogan, David. Sell them by Sack: White Castle and Creation of American Food . New York: New York University Press, 1997.
- Kroc, Ray with Robert Anderson. Grinding It Out: Making McDonald's . St. Martin's Press, 1992.
- Levinstein, Harvey. Paradox of Plenty: Social History Eat in Modern America. Berkeley: University of California P, 2003. 228-229.
- Luxenberg, Stan. Empires Roadside: How to Chains American Franchise . New York: Viking, 1985.
- McGinley, Lou Ellen with Stephanie Spurr, Honk for Service: A Man, A Tray and the Glory, Days of the Drive-In . St. Louis: Tray Days Publishing, 2004. For photos of Parkmoor Restaurant see Drive-In Restaurant Photos
- Pollan, M. (2009). In Food Defense: The Eater Manifesto. New York City: Penguin
- Schlosser, Eric, Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of All-American Food , Houghton Mifflin Company, 2001
- Schultz, Howard with Dori Jones Yang, Pour Your Heart Into It: How Starbucks Is Establishing A Current Cup Company , Hyperion, 1999
- Warner, Melanie "Salad or No, Cheap Burger Reliving McDonald's." The New York Times April 19, 2006.
External links
- QSR magazines - publications covering the fast food industry
- Copies of Caesar Barber's lawsuit
- Heat Intake from Fast Foods Among Adults: United States, 2007-2010
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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