A city planner is a professional who practices in urban planning.
A city planner can focus on specific areas of practice and have degrees such as urban planner, urban planner, county planner, long-term planner, transportation planner, infrastructure planner, environmental planner, garden planner, physical planner, health planner, analyst planning, urban designer, director of community development, economic development specialists or other similar combinations.
Video Urban planner
Responsibility
The responsibilities of city planners vary between jurisdictions, and sometimes within jurisdictions. Therefore, here is an overview of the responsibilities of city planners, where a city planner may usually practice two or more. City planners can also specialize in just one responsibility.
Land use planning
City planners specializing in land-use planning are particularly concerned about land use regulations, development and distribution, with the aim of achieving the desired city planning outcomes.
Land use and development regulations are achieved through the preparation and adoption of planning instruments designed to influence land use and establish the objectives of the form of jurisdiction. The planning instrument takes the form of legislation and policy, and has a variety of cross-jurisdictional terms including actions and regulations, rules, codes, schemes, plans, policies, and manuals; and often a combination of some of them. Planning instruments often spatially classify land or land reserves for specific purposes, presented in map form or zoning plan. The city planners are tasked with preparing the zoning planning and planning instruments. Furthermore, given the rarely static urban developments and the changing destinations of urban planning over time, urban planners will be responsible for continuing to maintain the planning instruments and zoning plans to ensure they remain up-to-date.
Consultations with communities and other stakeholders are generally desired by urban planners in most jurisdictions when planning instruments are prepared and updated. The level of consultation will vary depending on the project.
The city planner will also be responsible for implementing the planning instruments. This is achieved through a licensing process, in which the proposed development advocates, land use change, or subdivision of the proposed subdivision will be required to obtain permission, approval, license or approval for the proposed development or alteration of use. The city planner will be tasked to consider the proposal and determine whether it is in accordance with the specific intent and terms of the applicable planning instruments and zoning plans. Depending on the jurisdiction, the city planner may have the authority to decide on a proposal; otherwise, planners will make recommendations to decision makers, often non-planner panels (eg, elected councils from local government).
While concerned with future developments, a city planner will sometimes be responsible for investigating the development or use of land that has been done without authorization. In many jurisdictions city planners may require unauthorized land use to cease and unauthorized construction restored to previous development conditions; or alternatively retrospectively agree to the development or use of unauthorized land.
Strategic city planning
In order to effectively plan long-term development and growth, urban planners will be responsible for the preparation of strategic plans (also known in various jurisdictions with names such as development plans, core strategies, comprehensive plans, planning strategies, structural plans, etc.). Strategic city planning establishes high-level goals and growth principles for jurisdiction, which in turn informs the preparation and amendment of the legal planning instruments in those jurisdictions.
Regional planning
Regional planning deals with land use planning, infrastructure, and settlement growth over geographic areas that extend throughout the city or beyond. In this sense, the role of urban planners is to consider urban planning on a macro scale. Regional planning is not related to planning at the local level (environment).
Inheritance and conservation
Urban planners may be responsible for identifying, protecting and preserving/recovering buildings and places identified by the community as having significance of cultural heritage. This may include the task of compiling and maintaining a list of inheritance, finding and making incentives available to encourage conservation work, and consideration of proposals for rebuilding or using listed places as inheritance.
Urban update
As urban areas decline, a city planner can be assigned to prepare plans for urban rebuilding. Such plans are not limited to individual development sites, but include areas or districts where urban renewal (or urban redevelopment) plans are prepared.
Urban renewal often depends on obtaining funds from government sources to help regenerate a region; funding can be used for various purposes such as upgrading of public roads, parks and other public spaces, infrastructure development, and land acquisition. The city planner will be responsible for financing the urban renewal plan and obtaining funding for the infrastructure work required to implement the urban renewal plan.
Urban planners for urban renewal projects will need to be closely linked with stakeholders during the preparation and implementation of the plan, including government agencies, landowners and community groups.
Planning master
The master plan will be prepared for many greenfield development projects. The purpose of the master plan is to plan a major land use plan for future development areas. The master plan will consider the infrastructure necessary to service the development and determine the needs and location of urban facilities including commercial and industrial land, community facilities, schools, parks, public transport, main roads and land use, both inside and outside the master plan area, and consider staging the development of the planned master area.
The city planner will be responsible for coordinating the various inputs of professional consultants, and for preparing the master plan infrastructure and land use. Often urban planners need to consult landowners and government agencies affected by master plans.
Transport planning
Urban planners may be responsible for planning transport and infrastructure facilities in urban and inter-regional areas.
Economic development
The responsibilities of city planners can be extended to economic development. In this sense, a city planner may be responsible for identifying opportunities for economic growth, and encouraging investment in an area.
Environmental planning
Urban planners may be concerned with the impacts of land use, development and distribution of the natural environment including soil, water, flora, and fauna, to achieve sustainable results.
Urban design
Urban planners will develop the design of public spaces (streets, squares, parks, etc.) and the relationship between built forms and public spaces. Depending on country training and planners, they can work with other design professionals such as civil engineers, architects or landscape architects to complete and build designs.
Infrastructure planning
A city planner may be needed to plan future public works infrastructure provision such as water supply, sewerage, electricity, telecommunications, and transport infrastructure, and community infrastructure including schools, hospitals and parks.
Maps Urban planner
Education and training
See city planning education for discussion on this topic.
Urban planning as a profession is a relatively young discipline. Some government agencies restrict or license their profession. As a result, a number of other related disciplines are actively claiming to have professional training, expertise, and scope to practice city planning. While organizations such as the American Planning Association, the Canadian Institute of Planners and the Royal Town Planning Institute endorse professional planners, others in such related fields as Landscape Architecture also claim to have professional autonomy in urban planning. International efforts have sought to define the role of city planners through licensing action. The State of New Jersey Professional Planner license. Canadian Provinces of Ontario and Alberta protect a Registered Professional Planner degree only for those who have accredited or equivalent CIP education and experience.
City planner by country
Canada
City planners in Canada usually hold a bachelor's degree in planning or a master's degree, usually accredited as M.Pl, MUP (Urban Planning Master) MCP (Master of Urban Planning), MScPl, MES (Master of Environmental Studies) or simply MA.
Greek
City planners in Greece usually graduate from Engineering faculty. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and University of Thessaly are the two universities that provide undergraduate studies in urban planning in Greece.
India
Although planning is not a recognized profession under Indian law, this profession began in 1941 with the School of Planning and Architecture as a Department of Architecture from Delhi College of Engineering now the University of Technology Delhi. It was then integrated with the School of Town and Country Planning established in 1955 by the Government of India to provide facilities for rural, urban and regional planning. On integration, the school was renamed the School of Planning and Architecture in 1959. Today, it is one of the premier schools pursuing planning studies at bachelor, master and post-doctoral levels.
The City Planning Institute, India (ITPI), established on the Royal Institute of Urban Planning in London is the agency representing planning professionals in India. A small group formed itself into an Urban Council Planner of India that after three years of continuous work to form ITPI. The Institute, which was founded in July 1951, today, has over 2800 memberships, apart from a large number of student members, many of whom have an Associateship Examination (AITP) qualification organized by ITPI. In 2012, the institute has 21 regional branches across India. School of Planning and Architecture (SPA), Delhi is one of the major institutions in knowledge dissemination of Architecture and Planning in India. Established in 1941. In 1979, the Government of India, through the Ministry of Education and Culture later, conferred on the School of Planning and Architecture, the status of "Considered a University" (http://spa.ac.in/Home.aspx? ReturnUrl =% 2f) School of Planning and Architecture-Bhopal (MP) and School of Planning and Architecture-Vijayawada was founded in 2008 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India. The University's Environmental Planning and Technology Center (CEPT) [1] in Ahmedabad and Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology (N.I.T) in Bhopal together with NIT Patna is one of the pioneering Institute in India where urban planning is taught.
Israel
The Association of Israeli Planners was established in 1965. Urban planning is taught by the School of Architecture and Urban Planning in Haifa and the Center for Urban and Regional Studies.
Mexico
Urban planners in Mexico usually graduate from the Architectural background provided by the country's major universities. Most of these degrees may be awarded on postgraduate Masters studies, although there are also many undergraduate degrees available.
New Zealand
A planner brings expertise and professional knowledge to the development and implementation of a productive, sustainable and livable environmental policy. Planners support the community and provide leadership in making choices based on information about the consequences of human actions and bridging the gap between present and future. Planners should consider and balance strategic, policy, technical, legal, administrative, community and environmental factors in their contribution to informed decision making.
Planners are used in a variety of public and private roles. They use their knowledge and experience in institutional and community settings to provide leadership, conduct research, solve problems, evaluate alternatives and outcomes, manage change, and imagine, advise and enforce desired future direction.
In applying their expertise, planners must be aware and responsive to cultural, social, economic, environmental, ethical and political values. In New Zealand, this includes the bicultural mandate for planning, including the partnership relationship established by the Waitangi Agreement/te Tiriti o Waitangi, and the increasingly multicultural society of New Zealand.
A key attribute of a planner is the ability to work across disciplines and institutions and to integrate knowledge from different disciplines within the framework typical of the planning discipline.
A professional planner is a person who has earned professional qualifications through tertiary studies, continues to study post-qualification, undertakes continuous professional development, is a member or is working to become a member of the New Zealand Planning Institute (NZPI), contributes to professional planning, and is committed to upholding the principle and ethical practices of the planning profession.
For a list of recognized NZPI degrees, click here.
Nigeria
In Nigeria, the Nigerian City Planning Institute (NITP) and the City Planning Council (TOPREC) are the leading agencies assigned with responsibility for improving training, education and professional planning practice in Nigeria.
To become a municipal planner in Nigeria, must first complete a degree in city and regional planning or relevant discipline and then complete the final year in the form of a master in city and regional planning that should be accredited by the Planning Council of the City Planner (TOPREC), or a four-year degree covers all aspects. they can then become members of the Nigerian City Planning Board (NITP), but must complete the first two years of training, become full members, and then enroll and take the TOPREC professional exam, to become a registered city planner.
South Africa
The South African Planning Council (SACPLAN) is the designated member council appointed in the Professional Planning Act, 2002 (Act 36 2002) by the Minister for Rural Development and Land Reform (Ministry of Rural Development and Land Reform) to organize the Planning Profession (Planning is the process organization to create and maintain the plan) in terms of Law. The principles of Professional Planning apply to all registered planners. SACPLAN through the Act ensures quality in the planning profession through the identification of professional job planning that can only be performed by registered planners. The SACPLAN function is contained in Section 7 of the Act. The strengths and tasks of SACPLAN are listed in Section 8 of the Act. The law further regulates the Professional Code of Conduct for registered planners
United Kingdom
Those wishing to become city or state planners, in the UK, must first complete a degree in a relevant discipline and then complete the final year in the form of a masters in town and state planning that must be accredited by the Royal Town Planning Institute (RTPI), or a four-year degree summarizes all aspects. they can then become eligible to become members of RTPI, but must first complete a two-year work-based training, to become full members.
The UK city planner is responsible for all aspects of the built environment, wherever you are in England, a city and state planner will at one time plan the built-in aspects of the environment. They (Local Planning Authorities) grant planning permits (permits) to individuals, private and corporate builders and also assist local governments with their decisions.
United States
Planners in the US usually complete a bachelor's or postgraduate degree from a university offering a course. Professional certification is only offered through the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP), a subsidiary of the American Planning Association. To obtain AICP certification, a planner must meet specific educational and experiential requirements, and pass the exam covering the nature and practice of the discipline. Although AICP certification is not required to be a practicing planner, it serves as a means by which a planner can verify his or her professional expertise.
Palestine
Planners in Palestine take responsibility after the Palestinian Authority takes government in the West Bank and Gaza-Palestine. The planner has been trained by the Norwegian consultant As Plan Viak initially as part of an institutional capacity building project funded by the Norwegian Government. Both Birzeit and Alanjah Universities run bachelor and master degrees in planning and planners specialized in different fields.
See also
- List of city planners
- List of urban theorists
- Urban planning education
Footnote
Further reading
- Alexander, D. & amp; Calliou, S. (1991). Planner as educator: A vision of a new practitioner. Plan Canada, 31 (6), 38-45. Retrieved from VIUSpace
External links
- The International Community of Municipalities and Regional Planners
- Singapore Planning Institute
- The New Zealand Planning Institute
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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